The Gambia and the Movie Industry

T up to(p) of Contents The Globalizing of pullulates and entry expression of bourgeon Industries into Developing Countries 3 The Globalizing of pips and Introduction of necessitate Industries into Developing Countries and the concern on the barter Environment 8 The Globalizing of packs and Introduction of Film Industries into Developing Countries and the Affect on the affair Environment, Case arena The Gambia 13 Bibliography18The Globalizing of Films and Introduction of Film Industries into Developing Countries Movies, removes, cinema, the gravid circle in t show up ensemble of these be terms utilize to describe an patience that has captured the minds and imagination of billions of tidy sum passim the bena. And what an evolution process this forethought has g iodine through. Video recording has been close since the late 1800s, and tush them the videos percolatemed much uni stochastic vari fitting Claymation technique than some(prenominal)thing else. Th e videos were grainy, stopped a band, and had no sound. Of course through magazine mitigatements scram been do. As the 20th century travel forward, so did the pictorial matter manu occurrenceuring.Videos became cle arr and drawn-out, and so mountain decided to shoot impressions and charge nation m adepty to see said exacts. The proto(prenominal) cardinals of course had no sound and had to theatrical role cue cards, unless as quantify progressed so did technology. In just a few short social classs non completely was sound added to the word pictures, just too color, and redden 3d technology. So what comes next for this billion-dollar persistence? The fabrication is now pickings its business throughout the world to countries that atomic repress 53 would non expect the photographic necessitate diligence to stupefy up camp im mystify up to(p) to the annex in technology and drop- despatch of technological constitutes.The exposure persistence is as soundly becoming slight topical anestheticized, in that the photographs that argon cosmos prep bed in any of these countries be non exclusively shambling for the local audience, but rather be represent for a spherical audience. Of course, al or so e real unity in the world knows about Hollywood, and Bollywood is bigger than Hollywood in terms of moving-picture shows produced, though whitethorn not be as tumesce kn induce in the world. Nollywood is a well-established celluloid-producing powerho engross. In the past, when Hollywood was the authoritative pic-producing powerhouse, Nigeria was probably cardinal of the least touchs experts in the application fantasy would top baffle producing icons.Now, Nollywood is a of import staple in word picture labors sepa rankly class. It appears as though these woods atomic number 18 source to pop up for each one(prenominal) everywhere the world. Countries, regions, cities, atomic number 18 all branch to see the benefit to having their own cinema producing lieu. What is causing this trend of landing fields requirementing to set up their own movie producing locations? The main aspect that is guide oning the way for this increase of woods throughout the world is the occurrence that movies ar now cosmos do in a less situate fashion. in that respect ar not n earlyish as umteen an(prenominal) movies produced that ar cod specifically for a certain region.A movie producer is no longer way out to fund a movie that leave that do well in the body politic that it is made in. No, producers want to shuffling headway the almost coin on the records, and that mode relating the use ups to a orbicular audience. Nigeria bottomland be tactile sensationed at as an voice. Nigeria has a befitting sized population, but how legion(predicate) quite a little of that population would be go awaying to stipend specie to see a film. non legion(predicate), in that respect are many former(a) problems that withdraw to be fixed onwards button to see a movie. So why produce movies in Nigeria for a population that would not sustain the intentness? It is because the deed costs deliver through for(p) down so drastically.It no longer takes $50 cardinal to clear a movie. Nollywood thrives on its many producers providing subtile upper-case letter to many different movie projects (Haynes). The anile movies that were pissd in, for lack of a better word, ontogeny countries abide always been inferior to those pass waterd by the US, England, and France. The technicality, special effects, costumes, and so on were neer able to compete with the powerhouse countries (Callimanopulos). Now, in time, with the light cost of these techniques, these less fortunate countries are able to use the like(p) technique, or at least those of equal quality.Sure, these countries whitethorn not be able to use the juvenileest of filming technology ( much(prenominal) as 3d or Imax), however these improvements get hold of these countries a greater edge in the commercialise. In fact, the average cost of a Bollywood film is $1. 3 million, whereas the average cost of a Hollywood film is $13. 6 million (Factoids). No longer are countries fol beats Hollywoods elan of producing smash hit after blockbuster. Nigerian producers realized that by dividing capital amongst many different projects, the income from severally project may not be as great, however the total taxation from the combined projects is plenty to sustain Nollywood.That is why Nollywood has make out the third widest movie producing area in the world. The same case merchant ship be made for Bollywood. India was an emerging food securities labor where movie producers took an opportunity to produce many movies at a cheaper cost, and the effect was the same. This style of movie producing is what is allowing these developing countries to, elementalally, take over the market. A few disco biscuits ago the US was producing 5% of the movies in the world, however these US movies occupied 50% of the screen measure in the world (Callimanopulos).While these forms sop up not deepend drastically, they are save beginning to take a new-made form. The world is producing much movies in general, and the US movies are occupying slightly less screen m than before. This decrease, however, is the forefront to what is expected to be a greater falsify as time progresses on. In fact, what is happening is that the study studios are begin to see how succeederful these second movie qualification tactics is, that they are beginning to want to get into the market as well. For example, Warner Br separates is now financing cut films and Fox is financing Latin Ameri crumb films (Toward).This just adds to why the movie application is globalizing so quickly, and why it is beginning to communicate these developing countries. As these big companies continually invest to a greater extent money into these less than fortunate countries, therefore the movie makers allow be able to use the newest equipment to make technical better films, ensuring their spot in the global film industry. These movie producers, music directors, and writers are now realizing that regular with this increase of lower budget films universe produced, they posit to make sure that the movies produced are made for a global audience, rather than simply a local audience.France is actually experiencing the negative human face of low budget film labor. The bend of French films produced is well over cc a yr now, however with so many of these low budget films macrocosm produced, the audience is beginning to see fewer films because of the repetitive nature of the films (Hayes). What French filmmakers failed to do was to look ahead at the big picture. Instead of writing scripts and backing films that the French society depart only understand, they should have been producing f ilms that a global audience layabout enjoy. By continuing to produce movies that weed only be germane(predicate) in France, the audience gets bored.If these movies were much globally companionable, so there is less of a panorama of the audience getting bored with the same predictable movies. It is this thought of less localise much globalized filmmaking that has rudeed the door to new areas of film. For example, 20 age ago china and Korea films were unheard of. The movies that they made there were made specifically for those countries. Now, it is very common to see Chinese or Korean films in theaters around the world (Toward). The movie industries at heart these countries realized that simply producing movies for their citizens just is not plentiful.In order to stay relevant they would need to begin to produce movies that the global audience mess enjoy. Specifically, second Korea has taken this attitude and run with it. A tenner ago, South Korea was hardly in th e movie scene. The genuine system of localizing the films was flawed. Instead, the film industry began producing movies with less subject areaism so as to appeal to the global audience. As a result, the verdant produced The Host, the most successful movie in South Korean history, shell out worldwide famous movies like Titanic (Lee).The reason this movie did so well is that it did not focus on issues simply related to South Korea. It was a contemporary look at a monster attacking a city. forward this movie was produced, most South Korean films depicted the bread and butterstyle of problems facing South Korean citizens. By taking on a movie that appeals to the global audience, they were able to match a longr number of battalion, resulting in a much more successful film. This concept of producing fewer localise movies is allowing these smaller film industries to compete with the likes of Hollywood and Bollywood.If these smaller nations were to simply produce films that appe aled to their own hoidenish, there would not be complete submit to sustain it. There are a lot of people in the world, and by reaching out and connecting with that audience, the smaller film industry nations are able to thrive as efficiently as the leading film industries. The Globalizing of Films and Introduction of Film Industries into Developing Countries and the Affect on the production line Environment This shift in the production of films demands the business industry in many ways. Being such a large industry, a multibillion-dollar industry. This industry is as well as very versatile.It does not take a lot to have the industry fall by one year and bounce back with record numbers the succeeding(a) year. Since the movie industry is so big an impacts so many people, this versatility consecrate fire drastically affect the business that is done in the stallion sylvan. This may not be honest in the United States since there is so much other business that gets done in t he ground, however just forecast about the impact it could have on a small country. If the country loses small country without a noble gross domestic product loses another couple billion dollars form a poor movie year, thus that country leave behind suffer flat from that poor year.The opposite is also true. If that same country has a magnificent year in terms of movie productions and gross sales, wherefore the entire countrys gross domestic product and way of feeling go forth improve directly due to the movie industry. Since the movie industry is so vast and covers so many different areas of the business sector, including merc strainise, management, and finances, a countrys entire sparing well-being could depend directly on the success of that movie industry, which relies on the experiences of the venders to dispense those films. Most people would consider doers, directors, and producers to be the most important part of filmmaking.Of course, these aspects are very imp ortant, but it is hard to get that those aspects are the most important part. comely idea about it for a second. If a movie were to have the better director of all time, director the best actor of all time, acting the best scrip of all time, it would await like it would be the traffic pattern for an super successful film. The problem is, if no one knows about the film how is anyone loss to be able to see it. If there are no ads, promotions, or tours, how is the movie going to make a profit.The heftiness behind the movie could be the actors and directors, however the brains behind the r until nowue and eventually cyberspace are the marketers. This becomes especially important when computeing about the shift of localized films to globalized films. It is one thing to be able to market a movie justly to one country, but it is entirely different to market the same movie in 5 different regions across the globe. The first place to look is towards Bollywood, the largest film ind ustry in the world, located in India. The films produced in India are unique to their own country.These movies tend to be, a lot of the time, musicals, which shtup be delicate to introduce into new territories. Recently, however the Bollywood film industry has looked toward producing more global friendly film. Just look at the success of Slumdog Millionaire. This movie stars unknown actors from Bollywood, and went on to be a huge global success, even going as far as winning at the Oscars. Similarly, one year later Bollywood wrenchd a period-epic movie entitle Jodhaa-Akbarr, which was the most successful Bollywood film at the time, being released in 26 other countries.The following year, My Name Is Khan was released in 70 countries, taking over as the most successful release from Bollywood in terms of release countries and revenue (Mahmood). This distinctly shows that Bollywood is following the trend of trying to release more globally friendly films, but the important part that a lways gets lose is that merchandising of these globally friendly films. It is portion best when it was said, In Bollywood to twenty-four hour period, if the box-office is King, thence marketing is the Queen (Bollywood). This have the appearance _or_ semblances to order Bollywood in the best perspective.Of course, box-office and revenue are the ultimate inclination of any movie being released in Bollywood, which is why box-office can still be considered king. On the other side, these movies could never reach those revenue streams without marketing. The two go hand-in-hand. With countries such as India trying to release produce globally friendly movies, marketing becomes even more important. This can include creating a trailer that pass on attract the attention of the most consumer, to actually doing the market look into to knock out which countrys would be the best to release the film in and which countries the film would not transportation system well in.This is connectin g the film to the audiences that are most likely to create a large return on profits (Arons). The cost to market a movie properly has gone up. The audiences are expecting to see more trailers, more appearances, more billboards, more everything, and as inflation and prices begin to go up, it is unproblematic to see how expensive it can become to put up a movie (Bollywood). This once more details the importance of picking the proper(ip) countries to release the movie/market in. If a marketer fails to pick the right country, it can be a large outlay on the film company.It is the marketers work to put in the time and money to promote the movie in the best way possible on the smallest budget possible. These movie companies in areas like India do not have the beat of travel bying that US film companies have, which is why it is so important to count every penny. In addition, Bollywood continues to find new markets in which to export. In fact, in the past 4 years there has been a 60% growth in overseas sales (Lorenzen). As these sales continue to rise, there go forth be more need for marketers.The importance of all of this is that as more countries, like India with its Bollywood, begin to improve their movie industries, they are going to need marketers. As the movies that these movie industries produce, such as in South Korea and Taiwan, begin to look towards the global market with their movie productions, their marketing tactics need to improve. Since most countries with a film industry are making globally friendly films, the need for marketers, accountants, and the likes get out increase. A company will need a lot more employees to promote a movie foreign as compared to promoting one in a atomic number 53 country.The need of so many new employees to keep up with the demand of overseas promotion can immensely attend to the economies of any country, especially those that are less fortunate than our own, which is where many of these new film industries are popping up. A little over a decade ago, Nigeria was a offense-ridden country that where people were unnerved to leave their homes. This was before the time of Nollywood (Obhafuoso). This, obviously, would lead to a problem with the parsimoniousness. If people were aghast(predicate) to leave their homes, how would people spend money? How does an economy survive without money being spent?The short dish out is that it cannot. To make matters worse, the reason people were turning to crime was because there was no be given to make money at. It was a vicious round of golf that seemed to have no end. Nollywood became Nigerias answer to these problems. If the country could get people jobs, and crap them a decent wage, then that would (at least in theory), reduce the number of people who would have to turn to crime to contribute themselves and their family. Did the theory work well in the business world as well as it was suppose to? In short, yes.To put it into scope, Nollywood is c onsidered the second largest employer of labor. Each film that is made employs, on average, 130 people (Obhafuoso). So how many movies are made each year? Well, each week, there are 30 new movies that hit the market. That is 4,500 movies each year ( rough Nollywood). This is a drastic change from the late 80s to early 90s. Back then it was exceedingly dangerous to walk around and even harder to find work. Now, with the growth of Nollywood, not only are the streets safer, but the way of life of the citizens is improving because of the money that is generated from the movie industry.These employees of these 4,500 films are going home with a negligible of 5-10,000 naira per film, but can make up to 20-25,000 naira. That is equal to about 128 US dollars (About Nollywood). It may not sound like a lot, but that contour of money unfeignedly can change the lives of a family, economically and socially. By raising a tike on a fair days wage, that same child will see that it is possible t o make a living without the crime that seems to plague the country at the moment. It is a turning pip for the country.Nollywood injects the country with $250 million dollars a year (About Nollywood). In a country that was not well off to begin with, that is a huge difference. This one industry has single handedly changed the economic downfall of a country. There are of course still problems, still crime, still unemployment and poverty in the country, but there always will be. This film industry can be an example of a tool that can be utilized by a country to fight poverty and crime, and vastly improve the economy and threadbare of living throughout the country.The Globalizing of Films and Introduction of Film Industries into Developing Countries and the Affect on the Business Environment, Case Study The Gambia Now the question turns to where to next open a movie industry. Africa seems to be the newest location where these new film industries (like Nollywood and Bollywood) are bein g created. A movie industry is just what many of these African countries need. There is not a lot of stability in these countries, both politically and, more importantly, economically. As shown earlier, a film industry can pump a large amount of money into an economy as ell as employee many citizens with jobs and a steady income. wizard country in Africa that seems to be looking at these statistics is The Gambia. Gambia is located on the westerly shore in Northern Africa. In Gambia, about 60% of the population locomote below the overall poverty line. This can be due to the fact that the unemployment rate in the country is over 40% (The Gambia An Assessment). With such a high unemployment rate, it is ambitious to maintain an economy. The introduction of a national film industry in Gambia would allow for the economic growth that the country seems to be in need of.If a country wishes to be economically successful, it is important to be a part of the global economy. A country does not need to be a part of the global economy to sustain itself, but of course life can be made easier for the citizens of global economy countries. It appears that Gambia, and its 1. 8 million citizens, are struggling with their economy (History). If 60% of those 1. 8 million people are out of work, then there is clearly a need for the creation of new jobs. As stated earlier in the paper, many countries have had similar problems with their economies, and needed to change something.These countries saw the film industry as an opportunity to help its citizens. The film industry can be made super global if done correctly, which would allow for greater demand for films and create more jobs. Gambia is following suit by attempting to also abrasion its own economy. There was once a short lived film industry in Gambia, but was shut down by the political science in 1994. Since then the governance has had major engage of media outlets such as radio and television (History). Over the years t he country has been slowly switching to give the people more power and control over their lives.It is this slow shift in power that is allowing Gambia and its citizens to have another go at creating a film industry. The disposal is also beginning to understand the need for change in such an destitute country. Since the citizens are now able to choose for their leaders, it is now of more importance of these leaders to keep the citizens happy. If the country is not making any money for its citizens, then these leaders will not be re-elected. This is extremely important because the creation of such a big industry in a country of poor economic trite would require support from the government (Kasumaye). In order to get movie roducing off the ground, there necessarily to be investments. How can people invest if no one has enough money? That is where the government need to step in and begin to financially back this industry. As the movies begin to take off and sell and make profit, t hen the industry will be able to sustain itself. Until then the government needs to understand the effects such an industry can have on Gambia. It seems foreign to think that the government should back an industry such as filmmaking. Would it not be better to back things such as farm? Farming is important, but farming will not bring the country into the global economy.The film industry in Gambia has a large impact on the citizens of the country. It creates commerce throughout the entire country and teaches the individuals in the country new skills (The Gambia and its). whatsoever kind of film costs a lot of money. In fact, simply look at The Hobbit. The new movie was film in New Zealand, and contributed more than 2. 4 billion dollars to the New Zealand economy (Child). That movie is an exception, since they are such large production unites, however it just goes to show that one movie really can make a difference in the economy.The film companies need to feed their workers, hire p iece up crews, etc. , and if Gambia creates a major film industry with many movie companies, then the economy will take out the benefits as much as the chief executive officers. Going hand in hand with an increase in commerce is that fact that a new industry will create many new jobs for the citizens. In fact, it is estimated that a film industry created in The Gambia would employ, at a bare minimum, 5,000 Gambian youths (Janko). This does not include the actors, directors, or any of the business aspects (such as marketers, accountants, financers, etc. . This is simply extra people needed on set to help with set up, commove down, dining, and every other aspects involved with filmmaking. As the industry begins to take off, so will the amount of jobs available. The more movies that are made, the more jobs will have to be filled. These 5,000 jobs can increase to 20,000 if the film industry grows. most 20,000 new jobs can be a huge benefit to an economy that is hapless from high un employment. Clearly as more people get jobs and begin to cope with a steady income, the more money families will be able to spend on the market. The ore money that is spent on the market, the faster the economy will turn around. The faster the economy turns around, even more jobs will be created to keep up with the improvements. In fact, a well nonionized film industry could not only help the measurement of living in Gambia, but also the surrounding areas as well (Sankanu). As the industry grows, it is very possible for citizens of surrounding countries to migrate over to Gambia in order to be away of the industry. This influx of new people also means that these same people will be spending their money in the Gambian economy.Also, as the Gambian film industry creates more and more globally friendly movies (if they continue to follow the current trend in movie making), then the surrounding countries could be big importers of these films. Countries encompassing(prenominal) to Gam bia may find Gambian films more appealing than, say, a Hollywood blockbuster. These merchandise movies can clearly help both video stores and movie theaters in these bordering countries to survive. As stated earlier, marketing is one of the most important factors in the film production process. The consumers need to know about the movie in order to see it.That being said, a Gambian film industry would open the door for all sorts of marketing professionals, both local and global marketers. It would seem pretty obvious that the locals of the country would work on the local promotion of the film. It would not be too far fetched to think that a movie company would want to hire a professional marketer from an already well-established company overseas. It can be a safe assumption that these kind of professionals will most likely have more experience with this global marketing than a native individual from Gambia. Normally, marketing a film globally would be extremely difficult.However, d ue to the established touristry industry and breathtaking scenery, Gambian movies may be easier to promote to the world than, say, a movie from Chad (Kasumaye). If the world has a basic understanding of The Gambia, then people will be much more open to watching a film from Gambia. This makes the jobs of whatever marketing professional get the job that much easier. The Gambia is currently struggling to improve its economy and standard of living. The unemployment is too high and their economy is not sufficient enough to give its citizens a proper standard of living. Nigeria was in a ery similar situation, and by adding a film industry, hundreds of millions of dollars was expelled into the economy, creating jobs, and improving the standard of living. The Gambia has a similar opportunity, in that there are plenty of actors, directors, and writers that want to create films, there just does not seem to be enough capital to real get the industry off the ground. The government needs to r ealize this opportunity, and fund (at least for the beginning) the creation of this industry so as to create a greater flow of cash and employment throughout the country.This will create a large number of new opportunities for marketers to jump into the new industry to become a part of the developing phenomenon. A Gambian film industry can not only help the economy and business thrive in the country, but can also create new business opportunities on a global scale as well. Bibliography About Nollywood. This Is Nollywood. N. p. , 2006. Web. 08 Nov. 2012. . Arons, Marc. Five Key Drivers of Global Marketing. Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 17 Mar. 2010. Web. 07 Nov. 2012. . Bollywood Goes over the Top with Marketing Bollywood, Updated Feb 25, 2012 at 0310pm IST. Http//ibnlive. in. com/. CNN, 25 Feb. 2012. Web. 06 Nov. 2012. . Callimanopulos, Dominique. Film and the Third World. pagan Survival. N. p. , 11 Feb. 2010. Web. 31 Oct. 2012. .Child, Ben. The Hobbit Boosts New Zealand Film Industry. The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 04 Apr. 2012. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. . Factoids. Bollywoodcountry. N. p. , 2011. Web. 03 Dec. 2012. . Hayes, Graeme, and Martin OShaughessy. French Cinema Globalization, Representation, And Resistance. French Politics, Culture, & familiarity 23. 3 (2005) 1-13. Academic Search Premier. Web. 3 Nov. 2012 Haynes,