Sunday, August 18, 2019
Defining One Country, Two System :: China Chinese Government Papers
Defining One Country, Two System Hong Kong is a very special city. It has a very interesting history. In 1842, Hong Kong Island of Hong Kong was ceded by China to Great Britain. In 1860, Kowloon Peninsula of Hong Kong was ceded to England. In 1898, the rest of Hong Kong, the New Territories and 235 outlying islands were leased to England for 99 years. In the early 1980ââ¬â¢s, the British and Chinese government began to have negotiations about Hong Kongââ¬â¢s future since the lease would expire on July 1st, 1997. The leader of China, Deng XiaoPing, introduced the ââ¬Å"One Country, Two Systemâ⬠. The ââ¬Å"One Country, Two Systemâ⬠was intended by China to give Hong Kongââ¬â¢s citizen a promise that communism wouldnââ¬â¢t prevail over capitalism in Hong Kong. This way, China would gain trusts from Hong Kongââ¬â¢s citizens that the conditions would be the same when the Great Britain returned the sovereignty of Hong Kong back to China. British and Chinese representatives signed the British-Sino Joint Declaration in 1984, authorizing the transition of Hong Kongââ¬â¢s sovereignty in the midnight of July 1st, 1997. Hong Kong citizens were excited that Hong Kong would finally return to its motherland. China wanted to show the world that the ââ¬Å"One Country, Two Systemâ⬠would be unique and successful so that China could attract Macau and Taiwan to return to China. In the early 1990ââ¬â¢s, the Basic Law was published in order to make the practice of ââ¬Å"One Country, Two Systemâ⬠a legal procedure. In the Basic Law, it stated that Hong Kong would become an inalienable part of the Peopleââ¬â¢s Republic of China (1). China would authorize Hong Kong to practice a high degree of autonomy, and enjoy executive, legislative, and independent judicial power (2). The executive authorities and legislative of Hong Kong shall be composed of permanent residents of Hong Kong (3). Hong Kong residents would have their rights and freedoms (4). The socialist system and policies wouldnââ¬â¢t be practiced in Hong Kong, and the previous capitalist system and way of life would remain unchanged for 50 years (5). Hong Kong would protect the right of private ownership of property in accordance with law (6). The laws previously enforced in Hong Kong, the common law, rules of equity, ordinances, subordinate legislation and customary laws, would be maintained (8).
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