Human Aggression Essay

This essay concerns wizard of the most influential works on human race behavior today. The surname of this article is tender-hearted intrusion. This interrogation was conducted by Craig A. Anderson and Brad J. Bushman who argon some(prenominal) connected with the Department of Psychology at the Iowa State University. Their research was print in the Annual Review Psychology Journal 2002, vol. 53 pages 27 to 51. Introduction We have heard or witnessed accounts of people victimized by violence.Last September 2001, several hijackers took control of several planes and made them shoot through the twin towers of the World Trade Center. Barely several legal proceeding after, an different plane hit the Pentagon. In these events hundreds of people died while thousands much were seriously injured. It is true that historically we are all aware that military man are capable of carmine behavior. Human violence is not new. (Arthur G. M seriouslyer, Ch 8 p. 169) Thus, the lick of one person killing another should not get in as a surprise for us.Yet in the outgoing years, human behavior is getting to a greater extent tearing. These past events have triggered the scientists and psychologists to once again examine the root cause of violence in human behavior. wholeness of the recent studies was made by Craig A. Anderson and Brad J. Bushman. This essay seeks to understand the orbicular belligerence Model which is a supposititious model proposed by Anderson and Bushman. The quarry is to analyze this model in relation to the previous researches on pugnacious human behavior and to determine the essential differences of this research to the previous studies.An overview of how this research was conducted go forth alike be explained. The universal Aggression Model Anderson and Bushman acknowledge the works of the previous researchers before them. These previous researches have all immensely contributed to our preface understanding of how violence is broug ht about. Some of these researches concluded that the dooribility of guns, global warming, violence against children in schools and widespread exposure to violent entertainment media are all contributing factors to increasing violence.Several theories have also been proposed on human intrusion. These are the Cognitive Neo-association Theory, Social Learning Theory, Script Theory, and the ardor Transfer Theory. Anderson and Bushman believe, however, that these researches on human aggression need a conjectural model that will integrate all these works into a virtuoso(a) whole. (Gerald Amada, 2005, p. 2) They quote a statement made by Jules Henri Poincare, to wit lore is built up with fact, as a house is with stone. But a collection of fact is no to a greater extent(prenominal) a science than a heap of stones is a house. (Poincare) This theoretical model is known as the General Aggression Model.The General Aggression Model is primarily a theoretical model. There were no specific subjects used or laboratory experiments conducted. It entirely incorporated the existing theories that have been published about human aggression. What makes it unalike from the other research on this topic is that it adds form and structure to the present theories about human aggression by unifying these mini-theories about assertive behavior to form one complete model on Human Aggression.The General Aggression Model (GAM) examines the effect of certain variables interacting with the horizons, humour and emotion and the arousal of an individual that may lead to the commission of violence. According to Anderson & Bushman, our thoughts, mood and emotion and our arousal not yet interact with each other to determine whether a person will engage in battleful behavior but they are influenced by two factors a) the Situation Factors and b) the soul Factors. The Situation Factors carry on to the features of the occurrence situation that may increase or decrease the aggression.Fo r example insult, frustration, drugs, the armorial bearing of a gun, the heading of a ghostlike leader or the presence of uncomfortable situation. This means that depending on the presence or absence of any of these variables there is a higher or lower probability that vulturous behavior will follow. The Person Factors pertain to the toneistics of a person that he brings to the particular situation. These Person Factors include traits, beliefs, attitude, sex, determine and long-term goals. This means that a persons beliefs can serving as a powerful stimulus that may influence warring.For example, a person who has the tendency to feel that he has been unjustly treated by others is more plausibly to become suspicious of other people, and to harbor ill will against others. He is also more likely to engage in aggressive behavior. (Stephen Swartz, 2007, p. 2) Under the GAM, the Person Factors and the Situation Factors are only the root coif to the commission of human aggressio n. The second stage happens when there is an fundamental interaction between the Person Factors/Situation Factors with the three internal states the cognition (hostile thoughts), run into (mood and emotion) and the arousal (physiological process).For example, when a child is exposed to a television demo which exhibits violent scenes (Situation Factors) this has an effect on the cognitive in the sense that it gives access to the childs hostile thoughts. Constant exposure therefore to these violent scenes means that access to hostile thoughts is increased making it more likely that the child will develop a script of his own and explicit aggressive behavior. (Thomas Brady, 2004 p. 3) The relationship between violent mental picture games and human aggression is made clear using the GAM.This research warns us that adolescents exposure to video games increases the likelihood that he will behave aggressively. (Thomas A. Kooijmans, 2004, p. 1) Video games like indicate or mortal combat explicitly shows two characters attacking each other and trying to kill each other. (Situational Factor) This variable interacts with the Arousal or the physiological changes that are already happening to a child who is comer puberty. The third stage is the appraisal and the decision making process. At this stage the individual evaluates and appraises all these variables that enter his brain.From then on he will either make a snap judgment (impulsive decision) or he may re-appraise the whole situation and come up with a more controlled and deliberate action. And then the last stage is the outcome. Evaluation of the General Aggression Model The GAM is unlike the previous theories of human behavior. It is more complex and at the same time it is more integrative. (Psychology An International Perspective) It is more complex in the sense that it takes into account not only the character traits and the personality of the individual but it also includes his internal state much(prenomina l) as his emotions and thoughts.It is more integrative because it successfully saw the connection among the past researches on human aggression and combined them under the GAM. The GAM is also more realistic compared to the other mini-theories on human aggression. Some of the other theories on human behavior even boldly claim that there is a direct relationship between some variables or factors such(prenominal) that the presence of these variables can help foretell human behavior. On the other hand, the GAM only highlights how complex human behavior is.There are so umteen processes that must be taken into consideration before we could actually predict human behavior. As the Anderson and Bushman explained, the Situational Factors and the Person Factors are not the only variables to be considered in predicting future aggressive behavior. Any researcher must also take into account the persons internal state such as his mental state, emotional state and the physical state. Before, I t hought that engaging in aggressive behavior or performing an act that causes damage to another is always a conscious and deliberate harvest-festival of the mind or the emotion.I thought that if a person commits violent behavior it is either because it is premeditated or it is because of heightened emotion. It is only now that I realized that the stimulus for aggression may also come from adventitious factors that have no relation to the person engaging in aggressive behavior. For me, the most significant piece of information I found in this research paper is that certain Situational Factors such as the hot temperature or existing frustration may result to aggression.Conclusion The General Aggression Model is indeed one of the most comprehensive researches that deal with aggressive human behavior. As a theoretical model of human aggression, it is the prototypical research to see the connection between the persons characteristics, the particular situation he is in, his thoughts, hi s emotion and the physiological processes in his body. Though it provides a model for explaining how aggressive behavior is brought about, it admits that human behavior is unpredictable.